The first blood of the war to fall on Virginia soil flowed this morning in Alexandria.  Col. Elmer E. Ellsworth, commander of the colorful New York Fire Zouaves, was shot and killed shortly after his regiment marched into town.  J.W. Jackson, proprietor of the Marshall House, shot the colonel as the latter was returning from the upper story of the hotel carrying a Confederate flag which had been flying from a window there.  Jackson was killed instantly by a member of Ellsworth’s regiment.

At 2 a.m. today, under President Lincoln’s orders, more than 10,000 Union troops crossed the Potomac on bridge and steamer and took up positions at strategic points on Virginia soil.  Under the command of Gen. Joseph K. F. Mansfield, the Federal force, including infantry, calvary, and several batteries of artillery, tonight holds the high ground on the Virginia side of the Potomac overlooking Washington.

No Confederate troops opposed today’s operation, but Rebel cavalry was reported in Manassas only 18 miles to the South.  

An eyewitness gave the account of the shooting in Alexandria:

“The Yankee troops marched into town from the river dock about 6 o’clock.  The Zouave regiment was in the lead.  As the soldiers approached the Marshall House, Col. Ellsworth noticed the Rebel flag floating from an upper story.  He immediately ordered two men from the ranks and let the way into the hotel.

He tore the flag from the staff and was returning downstairs when he was confronted by Mr. Jackson, who levelled a double barrel shotgun at the colonel and demanded the flag.  Ellsworth refused to turn over the Confederate colors and ordered the hotel man arrested.

Jackson fired one shot at Ellsworth and turned to fire at one of the Zouaves.  Before he could pull the trigger the seconds time, one trooper had run a bayonet through Jackson who fell dead on the stairs.  Col. Ellsworth also died instantly with a bullet in his heart.”

Both sections of the country are enraged tonight at the day’s happenings.  Reports from Richmond indicate that the South does not intend to let Union troops occupy Virginia soil very long.  From across the river in Washington, the death of the Zouaves colonel has brought cries of immediate reprisals against the Rebels.

Col. Ellsworth was a close friend of President Lincoln.  His body was taken to the White House.

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There is still a great lack of organization but the immediate threat to the capital has been removed.  If nothing else, the presence of these three-month volunteers has eased the tension in the city.  The fear of a Rebel army moving into the District of Columbia no longer sows on the face of every city resident.

But if all is going well in Washington, the Union was receiving some hard blows in other quarters this week.  The governor of Missouri, Claiborne Jackson, in a letter to his state legislature denounced Lincoln in no uncertain terms.  Jackson declared the President’s call for troops “an unconstitutional and illegal act.”   He said Missouri’s interests were identical with those of the other slave holding states, and that at the “proper time” it was the state’s duty to follow the secessionists’ example.

This is a stinging political defeat for the Federal government whose leaders have hoped to keep Missouri neutral in this sectional fight.  The words of the Missouri governor have torn to shreds the famous David Wilmot paper, the Missouri Compromise.

Although it had been expected hourly, the wire to the White House yesterday from Nashville, Tenn., another hard body-blow to the Lincoln government.  The Tennessee legislature has passed an ordinance of secession and is now allied with the Confederacy.  A White House spokesman said the wire was “particular cutting” to the President.  It referred to the ordinance as a “Declaration of Independence.”

Troops Fire on Mob in St. Louis

St. Louis, MO May 19 – It has been a tragic week in the great river city.  Months of bitterness burst into a bloody riot last Friday evening that took the lives of 28 persons.

Union troops under the command of Capt. Nathaniel Lyon fired into a mob of Rebel sympathizers when the latter stoned the marching column.  The soldiers, mostly recruits from the German section of St. Louis drew the mob’s wrath when they marched on Confederate Camp Jackson west of town earlier in the day.  Lyon surprised Gen. D. M. Frost and his rebel troops, about 800 in number, when he surrounded the camp about non and demanded their surrender.

Frost reluctantly ordered his men to lay down their arms.  it was during the return to the city with their prisoners that the marchers were stoned, and fights broke out with the rioters.  As the mob broke through the ranks of the column with clubs and stones scattered shots were fired.  Then one platoon poured a volley into the attackers and the riot was broken.

Blood stains of the dead and wounded can still be seen today, a week later, on St. Louis’ cobblestones.  “A grim reminder of the terrible conflict that is ahead” said one bystander, a Mr. Ulysses S. Grant, who witnessed the bloody riot.

Student Faces Teacher

Cincinnati, Ohio, May 19 – Gen. George B. McClellan has been given command of the Federal force moving into western Virginia to hold these pro-union counties from the Confederates.  Reports from Richmond indicate that the young McClellan will be met by troops under his old commander, Gen. Robert E. Lee.

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The Congress reconvened this morning for its second session facing the huge task of getting legislation under way for the new government.  The President’s message was read by congressional leader Howell Cobb because President Davis has been confined to his home with a severe cold for more than a week.

The first Confederate money appeared on Montgomery’s streets yesterday.  The Central Bank of Alabama released the first of this printed currency in $50, $100, $500, and $1000 denominations.

Attorney-General Judah Benjamin has started work on the formation of a Confederate Supreme Court.  However, despite his title of “brains of the Confederacy”, Benjamin is getting little cooperation on his court plan from Davis and the other cabinet members with so many pressing war problems to receive priority.

Volunteers Ease Threat to Capital

Washington DC, May 6 – An estimated 17,000 troops arrived here this past week to strengthen the capital garrison.  Regiments from New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and as far away as Vermont have streamed into the city since Monday.

There is still a great lack of organization but the immediate threat to the capital has been removed.  If nothing else, the presence of these three-month volunteers has eased the tension in the city.  The fear of a Rebel army moving in the District of Columbia no longer shoes on the face of every city resident.

But if all is going well in Washington, the Union was receiving some hard blows i other quarters this week.  The governor of Missouri, Claiborne Jackson, in a letter to his state legislature has denounced Lincoln in no uncertain terms.  Jackson declared the President’s call for troops “an unconstitutional and illegal act”. He said Missouri’s interests were identical with those of the other slave-0holding states, and that a the “proper time” it was the state’s duty to follow the secessionists example.

This is a stinging political defeat for the Federal government whose leaders have hoped to keep Missouri neutral in this sectional fight.  The words of the Missouri governor have torn to shreds the famous David Wilmot paper, the Missouri Compromise.

Although it had been expected hourly, the wire to the White House yesterday from Nashville, Tenn., was another hard body blow to the Lincoln government.  The Tennessee legislature has passed an ordinance of secession and is not allied with the Confederacy,.  A White House spokesman said the wire was “particularly cutting” to the President.  Is referred to the ordinance as a “Declaration of Independence”.

Fire Zouaves Arrive

Among the many and varied uniformed troops arriving in the capital this week was the much publicized and gaudy regiment of New York Fire Zouaves.  This unit, under the command of dashing young Col. Elmer E. Ellsworth, is attired in a unirform of Sky-blue trousers bloused over white leggins, short red jackets topped by an Eqyptian fez complete with tassel for headgear.  The regiment is one of the best drilled outfits in the city today and is equipped with the new .58 cal. Sharps rifles.

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